{"id":17010,"date":"2025-03-10T21:01:58","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T20:01:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hachimipress.ma\/?p=17010"},"modified":"2025-03-10T23:03:17","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T22:03:17","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hachimipress.ma\/?p=17010","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629: \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646”\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0646\u0643\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u064f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0646\u0632\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631: “\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1860 \u06481862\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “Puerta del Cid”\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “Puerta de Tanger” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629)\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647<\/h4>\n

\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1860 \u06481862\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “Puerta de Fez” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u0633)\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0633. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631”<\/h4>\n

\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0646\u0632\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646”\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627 “\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631” (\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0648”\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0631” (\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1860 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/h4>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0636\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0646\u0632\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646”\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1860 \u06481862\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “Puerta de Vectoria” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629”\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632: \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0646\u0632\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646”\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0625\u062e\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u062e\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1860 \u06481862\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “Puerta de los Reyes Catolicos” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643)\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “Puerta de la Luneta” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631).<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1727\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/h4>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/h4>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629” \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1860 \u06481862\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “Puerta de San Fernando” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648)\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “Puerta del Santo” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/h4>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642. \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641”\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a “Joly”<\/strong>:
    \n\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u062b\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0645 1727 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0645 1790.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong>:
    \n\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0639\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a” \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u062b\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062b\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0626\u0629.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f<\/strong>:
    \n\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641”. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n

    \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1860\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “Puerta de Alfonso” (\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648)\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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